Bar chart
This bar chart displays population values for five weekly periods in 2019, using green horizontal bars that encode each week’s population magnitude along a linear scale. The visualization is rendered with D3.js (v5), using `csv` to load the data, `scaleLinear` and `scaleBand` for positioning, and `axisLeft`/`axisBottom` for the axes. The SVG output is generated through D3 selections, with margins applied to the plot area and the bottom axis anchored to the chart’s inner height. The data file (`data.csv`) is parsed and its population column converted to numeric values before rendering.