This example demonstrates the construction of a nested array structure in XQuery 3.1, showing how two sub-arrays are combined into a single parent array. The code explicitly declares three variables: `$japan` and `$eastern` hold initial arrays, while `$western` contains separate values. It then uses the array constructor `[...]` to embed both `$eastern` and `$western` as elements within `$countries`, producing a multidimensional sequence. The example highlights array flattening versus nesting semantics, since the inner arrays are not flattened by default, preserving their boundaries in the final result. The source is a gist authored by CliffordAnderson, and the rendering approach is purely textual output of the resulting array structure.