A horizontal bar chart displays the 1890 population of eleven countries according to their bookselling categories, sourced from a CSV file loaded with `d3.csv`. The React component uses `useState` and `useEffect` to fetch and parse the data, then renders an SVG with `d3.scaleBand` for the y-axis and `d3.scaleLinear` for the x-axis. Grid lines, axis ticks, and rectangles are generated manually using D3 selection methods and React’s JSX syntax, with bars styled via CSS in a separate file.